Do you have an unexplained pain in your knees? Does it hurt under or around your kneecap? What you may be suffering from what is known as patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a condition that can affect one or both of the knees. While the exact cause of patellofemoral pain is unknown, it is most likely due to weakness of the muscles that surround and support the knee. People that suffer from patellofemoral pain syndrome typically notice that the pain is worse when performing high-impact activities (running, tennis, basketball), but also when sitting down. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is sometimes referred to as “Runner’s Knee”, as this is a common running injury.
To understand what is happening in patellofemoral pain syndrome, it is important to first understand the anatomy of the patella. The patella, or knee bone, is held in place by a large tendon. This tendon is composed of the tendons of the quadriceps muscles, which are the large muscles in the front of the thigh. It is easy to think that the patella simply moves up and down with flexion and extension of the leg, but it actually can move side to side, as well as tilt and rotate. While there is no consensus from the medical community, it is likely that patellofemoral pain is caused by overuse and overload of the patellar tendon.
For those who suffer from patellofemoral pain, the best way to alleviate the pain is with rest. Taking a break from high-impact activity can ease some of the forces on the knee, and gives the body time for some of the inflammation to go down. Try some low-impact activities, like swimming or running on an elliptical machine. Icing the knee will also help, but will really only provide temporary relief.
Strengthening the quadriceps muscles may help to stabilize the patella while running or performing other high-impact activities. Stretching the calves, IT Band, and hamstring muscles may help as well. Physical therapy is always an option, as this usually helps to keep people on a regular schedule of stretching and strengthening particular muscles. While it is possible to stretch and strengthen on your own, it is important to stay on a regular schedule.
There is also some thought that patellofemoral pain syndrome may be attributed to improper running shoes. A running shoe or training shoe for another sport should have an appropriate amount of support for the individual. Without that support, a runner can be set up for poor body mechanics, which can lead to patellofemoral pain syndrome. If you need help finding the right shoes for your particular training program, you can ask a foot and ankle specialist for help.
With the proper footwear, stretching and strengthening programs, and rest, patellofemoral pain syndrome can be overcome. Relapses may occur, but a well structured program can help to combat this. If you are experiencing pain that you think may be patellofemoral pain syndrome, bring it up with your doctor.
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